Understanding the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

Heisenbergs uncertainty principle is one of the cornerstones of quantum physics, but it is often not deeply understood by those who have not carefully studied it. While it does, as the name suggests, define a certain level of uncertainty at the most fundamental levels of nature itself, that uncertainty manifests in a very constrained way, so it doesnt affect us in our daily lives. Only carefully constructed experiments can reveal this principle at work.   In 1927, the German physicist Werner Heisenberg put forth what has become known as the Heisenberg uncertainty principle (or just uncertainty principle or, sometimes, Heisenberg principle). While attempting to build an intuitive model of quantum physics, Heisenberg had uncovered that there were certain fundamental relationships which put limitations on how well we could know certain quantities. Specifically, in the most straightforward application of the principle: The more precisely you know the position of a particle, the less precisely you can simultaneously know the momentum of that same particle. Heisenberg Uncertainty Relationships Heisenbergs uncertainty principle is a very precise mathematical statement about the nature of a quantum system. In physical and mathematical terms, it constrains the degree of precision we can ever talk about having about a system. The following two equations (also shown, in prettier form, in the graphic at the top of this article), called the Heisenberg uncertainty relationships, are the most common equations related to the uncertainty principle: Equation 1: delta- x * delta- p is proportional to h-barEquation 2: delta- E * delta- t is proportional to h-bar The symbols in the above equations have the following meaning: h-bar: Called the reduced Planck constant, this has the value of the Plancks constant divided by 2*pi.delta-x: This is the uncertainty in position of an object (say of a given particle).delta-p: This is the uncertainty in momentum of an object.delta-E: This is the uncertainty in energy of an object.delta-t: This is the uncertainty in time measurement of an object. From these equations, we can tell some physical properties of the systems measurement uncertainty based upon our corresponding level of precision with our measurement. If the uncertainty in any of these measurements gets very small, which corresponds to having an extremely precise measurement, then these relationships tell us that the corresponding uncertainty would have to increase, to maintain the proportionality. In other words, we cannot simultaneously measure both properties within each equation to an unlimited level of precision. The more precisely we measure position, the less precisely we are able to simultaneously measure momentum (and vice versa). The more precisely we measure time, the less precisely we are able to simultaneously measure energy (and vice versa). A Common-Sense Example Though the above may seem very strange, theres actually a decent correspondence to the way we can function in the real (that is, classical) world. Lets say that we were watching a race car on a track and we were supposed to record when it crossed a finish line. We are supposed to measure not only the time that it crosses the finish line but also the exact speed at which it does so. We measure the speed by pushing a button on a stopwatch at the moment we see it cross the finish line and we measure the speed by looking at a digital read-out (which is not in line with watching the car, so you have to turn your head once it crosses the finish line). In this classical case, there is clearly some degree of uncertainty about this, because these actions take some physical time. Well see the car touch the finish line, push the stopwatch button, and look at the digital display. The physical nature of the system imposes a definite limit upon how precise this can all be. If youre focusing on try ing to watch the speed, then you may be off a bit when measuring the exact time across the finish line, and vice versa. As with most attempts to use classical examples to demonstrate quantum physical behavior, there are flaws with this analogy, but its somewhat related to the physical reality at work in the quantum realm. The uncertainty relationships come out of the wave-like behavior of objects at the quantum scale, and the fact that its very difficult to precisely measure the physical position of a wave, even in classical cases. Confusion about the Uncertainty Principle Its very common for the uncertainty principle to get confused with the phenomenon of the observer effect in quantum physics, such as that which manifests during the Schroedingers cat thought experiment. These are actually two completely different issues within quantum physics, though both tax our classical thinking. The uncertainty principle is actually a fundamental constraint on the ability make precise statements about the behavior of a quantum system, regardless of our actual act of making the observation or not. The observer effect, on the other hand, implies that if we make a certain type of observation, the system itself will behave differently than it would without that observation in place. Books on Quantum Physics and the Uncertainty Principle: Because of its central role in the foundations of quantum physics, most books that explore the quantum realm will provide an explanation of the uncertainty principle, with varying levels of success. Here are some of the books which do it the best, in this humble authors opinion. Two are general books on quantum physics as a whole, while the other two are as much biographical as scientific, giving real insights into the life and work of Werner Heisenberg: The Amazing Story of Quantum Mechanics by James KakaliosThe Quantum Universe by Brian Cox and Jeff ForshawBeyond Uncertainty: Heisenberg, Quantum Physics, and the Bomb by David C. CassidyUncertainty: Einstein, Heisenberg, Bohr, and the Struggle for the Soul of Science by David Lindley

Abstinence-Only vs. Comprehensive-Based Sex Education

Abstinence-Only vs. Comprehensive-Based Sex Education Sexual Education is a controversial topic and many people have pushed for abstinence-only programs. The United States has alarmingly high rates of teen pregnancies and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence when compared to other advanced countries. Even though there may be minimal differences in the amount of sexual activity in other countries, the U.S. still prevails in high rates of teenage pregnancy, births and abortions (Kohler, Manhart Lafferty, 2008). Providing education about both abstinence and birth control can improve the health and well-being of adolescents and young adults and also positively influences partner selection and the use of contraceptives (Lindberg and Maddow-Zimet, 2012). Contrary to the belief that educating about birth control will promote sex, there is evidence that supports the theory that comprehensive-based sex education is more effective than abstinence-only sex education (Kohler, Manhart Lafferty, 2008). When parents were asked what teenagers should be taught in school, comprehensive-based sex education and abstinence-only sex education had mixed reactions (though slightly more supportive of the comprehensive method) and some parents even said that sex education should not be taught in school (Eisenberg et al., 2008). Sex education should definitely be taught in school because according to Lindberg and Maddow-Zimet (2012), people who were given no sex education at all wereShow MoreRelatedThe Debate For Comprehensive Sex Education1212 Words   |  5 PagesDebate for Comprehensive Sex Education Across the United States of America there is wide spread support for abstinence-only education. A majority of states require that abstinence-only education be the only form of sexual health education provided, or requires that abstinence be stressed above other forms of sexual education. These highly stressed abstinence-only programs are under fire as research comes out against the efficiency of these programs, and as new forms of sexual health education appearRead MoreSafe Sex Vs. No Sex1504 Words   |  7 PagesSafe Sex vs. No Sex. What’s Realistic? A Case for Comprehensive Sex Education Teenagers have been having sex since the beginning of time. Instead of telling them â€Å"just don’t† shouldn’t we educate our teens so that they can be safe? The problem with traditional Abstince- Only-Until-Marriage is that instead of educating they use fear tactics to unsuccessfully keep children ignorant. This causes children to turn to other outlets like porn and other children their age, it’s like a bad game of telephoneRead MoreSex Education : Which Is Better? Essay1718 Words   |  7 Pages Abstinence or Comprehensive Sex Education: Which is better? Sex is in the air, everywhere. It is seen when the television is turned on in the morning, it is used to sell hamburgers and cereal, and is the cornerstone by which we gauge our success. Sex is everywhere and the youth of today need to be equipped to handle it safely. There are two primary paths that can be taken when referring to sexual education: Abstinence or a more comprehensive education. Abstinence educationRead MoreHow Far Should Schools Teach Sex Education978 Words   |  4 PagesHow Far Should Schools Teach Sex Education The condoms display in the Hidden Heroes: the Genius of Everyday Things exhibit is a showcase that would cause an individual to wonder about adolescents’ overall knowledge of human sexuality. In today’s society, children are susceptible to learning about such a delicate topic not only from their families and peers, but through the media as well. These sources often provide misrepresentations of the information due to ignorance and biased views. ThereforeRead MoreThe Effects Of Abstinence Based Programs On Actual Behavior Outcomes Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesAdditional research has explored the effects of abstinence based programs on actual behavior outcomes. Kohler, Manhart, and Lafferty (2008) compared the effects of abstinence-only and comprehensive sex education programs, operationalizing effectiveness in terms of initiation of sexual activity and teen pregnancy rates. They found that teenagers who received comprehensive sex education rather than abstinence-only or no education were significantly less likely to report a teenage pregnancy. In additionRead MoreSexual Education And Sex Ed1697 Words   |  7 PagesSexual education (sex ed) in public schools has long been a controversial and debated topic in society. There are several questions when it comes to approaching sex ed in schools. These questions include: appropriate age for introducing sex ed; should sex ed be mandatory or optional; and whether sex ed programs should be comprehensive or abstinence-based. Sex ed is a necessary subject to teach in schools. It should be appropriate to the grade level and taught in a knowledgeable, unbiased manner.Read More Abstinence-Only vs. Comprehensive Sex Education Essay2397 Words   |  10 Pagesthe early 1980s the issue of sex education for American youth has had the attention of the nation. There are about 400,000 teen births every year in the U.S, with about 9 billion in associated public costs. STI contraction in general, as well as teen pre gnancy, have put the subject even more so on the forefront of the nation’s leading issues. The approach and method for proper and effective sex education has been hotly debated. Some believe that teaching abstinence-only until marriage is the best methodRead MoreSchool Based Sex Education Is Important For Youth1178 Words   |  5 PagesSchool-Based Sex Education in Youth Sam Thienel English 11 Mrs. Adelman 17 May 2017 School-Based Sex Education in Youth Thesis: School based comprehensive sex education is important for youth because it will help prevent teen pregnancy, the government fully supports sex education in schools, and youth’s parents feel youth should be properly taught sex education. Outline: Prevent teen pregnancy Comprehensive sex program vs. abstinence-only Birth controls role in sex education classesRead MoreThe Effects Of Sexual Education On Public Schools1702 Words   |  7 PagesI. Abstract Sexual education being enforced in public schools is important and it should be taught in all schools. Young adults are learning that it is important to wait until marriage to have sex. Sexual education taught in public schools does raise a couple of eyebrows because some parents think that young adults should not learn about sex at their age. Sexual education is very important for young adults to either use abstinence or condoms. Sexual education in schools are the proper classes forRead MoreEssay on Should Sex Education be Taken Out of Schools?969 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasingly active sex lives. No longer is sex education left to teachers and parents to explain, it is constantly in our faces at the forefront of our society. Regardless of sex education curriculums and debates about possible changes, children and teenagers are still learning everything they think there is to know about sex from very early on in their young lives. However, without responsible adults instructing th em on the facts about sex, there are more likely to treat sex in a cavalier and offhanded

Care of a Dying Patient Free Essays

My own perceptions about quality of life and health promotion might affect my care for a dying patient with a lingering illness such as cancer because the patient and I may have a different definition or outlook on what quality of life means. To me this would mean making the best of what little time the patient has left to live. Most importantly is to keep the patient comfortable which may include positioning the patient in bed, giving a gentle massage and administering pain medications if necessary. We will write a custom essay sample on Care of a Dying Patient or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is also very important to provide the patient and the family with emotional support. It seems as Mrs. Thomas’s children are somewhat distant at her time of need because they are upset about her condition and probably in denial because they know what her outcome will be. It would play a very crucial part in improving the quality of life for Mrs. Thomas if her children and their families would come to visit her in person. I know that this will be difficult for the children to see their mother suffering but her family should play an important role in emotional support. I think a visit from her children and their families would really uplift her spirits. Mrs. Thomas does not want take any pain medication because she does not want to become addicted to it but it should be explained to Mrs. Thomas that since she is truly in pain she will not become addicted to it. By Mrs. Thomas taking the pain medication it would not only help control her pain but it would also make Mr. Thomas feel more at ease knowing that she is comfortable and not suffering. Mr. Thomas is depressed because of Mrs. Thomas’s condition and he is not managing it very well and this is making Mrs. Thomas very sad. I think that getting a behavioral health specialist involved and providing the family with counseling with also improve the quality of life for Mrs. Thomas. I think that it would put Mrs. Thomas’s mind at ease knowing that Mr. Thomas is dealing with his depression professionally. Talking about their feelings to a professional with also help both of them better understand and cope with Mrs. Thomas’s condition. According to American Holistic Nurses Association (AHNA), holistic nursing is an â€Å"all nursing practice that has healing the whole person as its goal. A holistic nurse will not simply attempt to treat the physical symptoms of a disease or condition, but will consider the totality of the person being treated: mental, emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, relational, contextual and environmental aspects. Treating Mrs. Thomas holistically may not only help Mrs. Thomas but Mr. Thomas as well. As the community health nurse I would allow for Mr. Thomas to assist w ith Mrs. Thomas’s care when he is able to. At an institution where I once worked at offered â€Å"healing touch. During this time of healing touch the room would be made rather dark for calmness and comfort and soft calming music would be played. This is what I would recommend starting with under my holistic care with Mrs. Thomas and Mr. Thomas may be present as well. During this time a light massage may also be preformed to assist with comforting Mrs. Thomas and hopefully assist with managing her pain. A way to assist Mrs. Thomas to optimize her functional ability would be to use range of motion (ROM) on her, which is when the nurse would mildly exercise her joints to minimize stiffness and Mr. Thomas may be taught how do range of motion as well. If Mrs. Thomas is not strong enough to walk to the bathroom I can assist in getting a bedside commode delivered to her home. I can also teach her how to transfer herself safely to the commode if she is strong enough or if she is unable to transfer herself I can also teach Mr. Thomas how to safely transfer herself and I could assist as well. As the community health nurse I could assist Mrs. Thomas with everyday care such as feeding, bathing and dressing herself. I would allow Mrs. Thomas to do as much as she can for herself. During the bed bath is a great time to apply lotion to her back and extremities and apply a gentle massage for comfort. I could also assist Mrs. Thomas with turning and positioning her in bed every 2 hours for comfort and to prevent skin breakdown. Mr. Thomas and I could assist her to complete feeding, bathing and dressing herself if she is unable to. Allowing her to perform as much tasks as she is able to will optimize her functional ability. According to Higuera, chronic depression can affect every aspect of a person’s life. The symptoms vary, but people with chronic depression often feel intense sadness and hopelessness. They have a negative outlook on life. As the community health nurse I could assist Mr. Thomas with his chronic depression by assisting him with getting in touch with a behavioral health specialist for one on one counseling. I could also assist Mr. Thomas with coming up with a medication plan that would work for him so that he can take his depression medications on a regular basis and hopefully not forget. I could also sit with Mr. Thomas and we could do some quiet relaxing breathing exercises together. I would also convince Mr. Thomas to take short and relaxing walks to clear his mind. I could also assist Mr. Thomas with checking with his employer to see if he could be relieved of some of his duties temporarily or take some time off from work. Although taking some time off from work may put a financial burden on their family but is may be best mentally and physically for both Mr. and Mrs. Thomas. One Mr. Thomas’s depression is managed appropriately then he can spend some quality time with Mrs. Thomas and enjoy just enjoy each other’s company. How to cite Care of a Dying Patient, Essay examples

Discipline In A Workplace How to Maintain it - Click to Get Solution

Question: Describe about fair disciplinary process, mplementation of the disciplinary processes and Case law that have identified appropriate practice principles. Answer: Introduction Discipline in a workplace can be defined by the way in which the supervisory personnel or the management of the organization takes measures to correct the behavioral deficiencies amongst the employees of the organization. The Virgin Atlantic Group is a group of airlines owned by Sir Richard Branson and the Singapore Airlines and it is based in London. The headquarters of the airline is situated in Crawley and West Sussex of England. This airline organization caters the service of taking their customers to and from 30 destinations which is quite huge. Fair disciplinary process According to ACSAS the handbook of discipline at work should include the disciplinary procedure model. It suggest that the procedures should precisely and clearly sates its main purposes such as not to use any unauthorized device in the system that may corrupt the system or breaching of rules and policies (Gov.uk, 2016). The principles and rules behind procedures should be clearly stated and according to that works needs to be followed. The disciplinary procedure suggest four stages that are oral warning to the employee, written warning to the employee, final written warning to the employee and faintly dismissal of the employee. The procedure should clearly explain the following: At any stage and at any time one can appeal depending on the nature and type of misconduct Dismissal would be applied for the first misconduct unless it is the gross miscount (Katcher and Snyder, 2007). The employee may be suspended if it is gross misconduct on full pay after the investigation The employee have the rights to appeal against the action taken on him at every stage and hop they make the appeal The organization should set performance standards and conduct reinforced by the company rules. The disciplinary procedures are used to solve the problems with the employees performance or conduct and should have separate guidelines or procedures to deal with the situation (Lim, 2014). The handbook of disciplinary process also states how to handle grievances and discipline at work. The principles that are included in the procedures are as follows: Procedures and rules should provide a framework for performance and behavior Grievances and discipline are about the people and not processes The aim of the employer is to improve and not to punish The process also states that conduct and capability should be treated separately and the employer should recognize the differences between them. There is a difference between warning an employee for his miscount and for his capability (Blanpain et al., 2009). The dismissal of an employee on the basis of his capability includes the following reasons: Loss or lack of required qualification for the job Lack of skill or ability Lack of capabilities because of the ill health Dismissal because of misconduct or breach of the procedures may include: Poor attendance Poor timekeeping The examples of gross misconduct are as follows: Theft Fighting, intimidating behavior consumption of tobacco and alcohol on duty Implementation of the disciplinary processes It can be possible that the disciplinary processes may upset people or even angry. If the employees become distressed or upset then allow then to regain their composure and capabilities before continuing their jobs. There can be serious issues if the employees become too stress because of the strict guidelines. The employees aim to settle most of the problems informally with their managers, this lead to the development of many issues at the work place (Cushway and Hallsworth, 2012). Therefore, it is important for the management to set the principles and rules as per the convenience of the employees within the organization. The cases of poor performance or misconduct should be guided with appropriate disciplinary procedures. Therefore, it will help an organization by improving an employees performance or conduct. There can conflicts between the employer and employees and these can solve by promoting and developing rules, procedures and framework for handling grievances and disciplinar y situations (Employee relations, 2007). The procedures should be clearly explained in written and should be specific. It is also important for the employees to understand the rules, procedures and guidelines. The conflicts can be handled if the rules are clear and setting standard of conduct. Case law that have identified appropriate practice principles The disciplinary procedure should include the elements that will help to deal with the disciplinary and grievances issues. The management of Patak a well renowned company in UK having wide range of products including Indian pickles, sauces, curry pastas and chutney. The management of the company run an open door policy and also focuses on addressing and solving employees concerns (Silva, 2010). The company has regular forums for the employees through which they communicate with the managers. Grievances and discipline is the area in which the management felt that it would benefit them through appropriate training. The human resource manager in 2003 decided to address the problems and took help from Acas. The main aim providing training is to ensure that all the mangers are consistent in adopting and implementing best practices by directing them through appropriate disciplinary procedures (Stewart, 2010). According to the past reports, managers were not disciplined and uncertain with t heir roles and objectives. Moreover, they were also not clear with their role and HR role in handling the situations. Therefore, trainings empower the managers with necessary skills and information. The advisers of Acas also agreed with the training program that was based on existing procedures and policy on grievances and discipline. The training program includes: Guiding towards positive path through setting expectations and standards within the organization Correct procedures to handle grievances and discipline situations Delegating the work and exercising their powers appropriately that gave a chance to them to put into good practice Guidelines on handling difficult or awkward situations and how to avoid personality clashes and conflicts. This helped managers to feel confident and positive about their abilities and handling grievances and discipline situations. One of the most important policies of the Virgin Atlantic is that of total quality management which aims at priding the customer with the best quality of service which will ensure that the company achieves customer satisfaction at each and every level. In order to successfully maintain Total Quality Management, the management needs to take into consideration the different aspects of the business like that of economics, design, customer service production, manufacturing, marketing and the main objectives of the organization (Balmforth, 2009). The main aim of the organization is to profit in its business by providing the best quality of services to its customers. This is the reason why the organization ensures that it is updated with the latest trends in the services offered by them and also takes regular feedbacks from the customers in order to understand the spaces where they can improve. Along with satisfying the customers, the management gives equal importance to giving job satisfa ction to its employees (Dickinson, 2009). Therefore one of the most important policies of the organization is to look after its employees and understand the problems or issues they are facing so that the employees can be provided with the best work environment (Virgin Atlantic managers check in for training, 2008). It is the employees who hold the image of the organization in from of the loyal as well as potential customers and thus keeping the employees satisfied contributes to improve the brand image of the organization. In order to maintain such a huge organization, it is necessary for the management to incorporate some rules and regulations which need to be followed by the employees as well as the management itself (Marquis and Huston, 2006). There are strict rules against gender discrimination and sexual harassment. The management would not tolerate a person harming any other individual under any circumstances and the person may even face legal charges. Each and every employee is given an elaborate description of the job that they are assigned so that there is no room of miscommunication or misunderstanding (Virgin Atlantic sets trend for Stortext's technical records solution, 2005). This ensures that an employee does not go out of bounds and follows the exact orders given by the manager. This aids in maintaining coordination during team work and as a result everything gets done in an efficient manner. If an employee still fails to maintain the rules of performing the job, a warning is given to that person to make him or her aware about the way in which they are doing things in a wrong manner. This helps the employee to fully understand the mistakes that is being made by him or her and thus they can amend them in the best way possible. Through the incorporation of the disciplinary actions, the management is able to maintain a proper discipline and are therefore able to provide their customers with the best services. The basic disciplines that need to be followed in this organization are as follows: Maintaining equality in judgment Equal opportunities need to be given to each and every member of the organization No discrimination can be done on the basis of ones gender, race, religion, color etc. Democratic leadership style is to be followed where the opinion and feedback of each member is equally respected Maintaining quality of service and never compromising on it (Virgin Atlantic to ID passengers in a heartbeat, 2014) Problems or issues faced by an employee need to be immediately brought to the notice of the manager The management has to fulfill its responsibility of monitoring the activities of the employees in a sincere manner A person guilty of sexual harassment has to undergo a lot of charges as it is strictly against the company ethics Ethical conduct always needs to be followed by each and every member of the organization. Therefore the general policies and rules that the management of the organization has for it seem to be quite justified as the management needs to maintain an order amongst the employees of such a big organization. All the different aspects of the company rules and regulations along with the disciplinary procedures that it has is in support of other standard HR policies and practices like that of Equal Opportunities and Diversity management policies (Virgin Atlantic Airways v. Zodiac Seats, 2014). In case of Equal opportunities, each and every member needs to be given equal amount and level of chances to state their opinion, to improve themselves. Being a part of the organization gives a common identity to each and every member and thus with this there is the space where they can be regarded as equal irrespective of the position owned by them (Sargeant, 2006). Conclusion Thus by taking into consideration the above discussions, it can clearly be understood that disciplinary rules and regulations are integral to the growth and development of an organization. The significance that even the simplest of policy or rule plays in the making of an efficient team and thereby an efficient organization can be realized without much effort. Recommendations As per the given case study, it is quite clear that both the HR and the employee have had a gap of communication between them which has led to such a messy situation. Any company or organization needs to have the basic policies that would ensure that there is a proper and transparent line of communication between the HR department and the employees. References Blanpain, R., Bromwich, W., Rymkevich, O., Spattini, S. and Aparicio Valdez, L. (2009).The modernization of labour law and industrial relations in a comparative perspective. Austin: Wolters Kluwer Law Business. Cushway, B. and Hallsworth, I. (2012).The employer's handbook 2012-13. London: Kogan Page. Employee relations. (2007). [Bradford, England]: Emerald. Gov.uk. (2016).Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) - GOV.UK. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/acas [Accessed 27 Mar. 2016]. Katcher, B. and Snyder, A. (2007).30 reasons employees hate their managers. New York: AMACOM, American Management Association. Lim, S. (2014). A Proposal for Domestic Implementation Policy of Next Generation ACAS System.The Journal of Korea Navigation Institute, 18(1), pp.1-6. Silva, S. (2010).Disciplinary procedure. Colombo: Stamford Lake Publication. Stewart, P. (2010).Employee relations. [Bingley, UK]: Emerald. Virgin Atlantic Airways v. Zodiac Seats. (2014).IIC, 45(3), pp.352-353. Balmforth, J. (2009).Virgin Atlantic. Hersham: Midland. Dickinson, P. (2009). Seizing the advantage (Virgin Atlantic strategy).Strategic Direction, 25(4). Marquis, B. and Huston, C. (2006).Leadership roles and management functions in nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Sargeant, M. (2006).Age discrimination in employment. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate. Virgin Atlantic managers check in for training. (2008).Industrial and Commercial Training, 40(6). Virgin Atlantic sets trend for Stortext's technical records solution. (2005).Aircraft Eng Aerospace Tech, 77(1). Virgin Atlantic to ID passengers in a heartbeat. (2014).Biometric Technology Today, 2014(10), p.12.

The Day After Essay Example For Students

The Day After Essay Dictatorship and aggression had a lot to do with WWII. A Dictator is a ruler who has complete control over a country. Aggression is any warlike act by one country against another without just cause. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini were both dictators and aggressors. Dictators feel that if they wanted they could take a country over without notice. Hitler and Mussolini felt like that and started aggression in Europe and almost succeeded in taking over Europe. WWII wouldnt have been started. The U.S. responded very poorly to the happenings in Europe. U.S. was neutral for the early part of the war. The U.S. was facing its own crisis but was slowly crawling out of it. We will write a custom essay on The Day After specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The war changed for the better because the U.S. got involved after Pearl Harbor being bombed by Japan. Now the U.S. and the rest of the allies go into North Africa and worked all the way into Germany. While that was happening we attacked Japan badly. In conclusion, if it wasnt for Dictatorship we wouldnt come out of a Depression as fast as we did. Hitler and Mussolini did have a purpose for aggression and that was to conquer the world.blah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahblah blah blah blahWords/ Pages : 252 / 24

Biography of Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Supreme Court Justice

Biography of Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg (born Joan Ruth Bader on March 15, 1933) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. She was first appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals in 1980 by President Jimmy Carter, then to the Supreme Court by President Bill Clinton in 1993, taking the oath of office on August 10, 1993. After former Justice Sandra Day OConnor, Ginsburg is the second-ever female justice to be confirmed to the court. Along with justices Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, she is one of only four female justices ever to be confirmed. Fast Facts: Ruth Bader Ginsburg Full Name: Joan Ruth Bader GinsburgNickname: The Notorious RBGOccupation: Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United StatesBorn: March 15, 1933 in Brooklyn, New YorkParents’ Names: Nathan Bader and Celia Amster BaderSpouse: Martin D. Ginsburg (deceased 2010)Children: Jane C. Ginsburg (born 1955) and James S. Ginsburg (born 1965)Education: Cornell University, Phi Beta Kappa, Phi Kappa Phi, B.A. in government 1954; Harvard Law School (1956-58); Columbia Law School, LL.B. (J.D.) 1959Published Works: Harvard Law Review Columbia Law Review â€Å"Civil Procedure in Sweden† (1965), â€Å"Text, Cases, and Materials on Sex-Based Discrimination† (1974)Key Accomplishments: First female member of the Harvard Law Review, American Bar Associations Thurgood Marshall Award (1999) Generally considered part of the court’s moderate-to-liberal wing, Ginsburgs decisions reflect her support of gender equality, workers’ rights and constitutional separation of church and state. In 1999, the American Bar Association gave her its coveted Thurgood Marshall Award for her years of advocacy for gender equality, civil rights, and social justice. Early Years and Education Ruth Bader Ginsburg was born on March 15, 1933, in Brooklyn, New York, during the height of the Great Depression. Her father, Nathan Bader, was a furrier, and her mother, Celia Bader, worked in a clothing factory. From watching her mother forego high school in order to put her brother through college, Ginsburg gained a love for education. With the constant encouragement and help of her mother, Ginsburg excelled as a student at James Madison High School. Her mother, who had so greatly influenced her early life, died from cancer the day before her graduation ceremony. Ginsburg continued her education at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, graduating Phi Beta Kappa, Phi Kappa Phi at the top of her class with a Bachelor of Arts degree in government in 1954. Later the same year, she married Martin Ginsburg, a law student she met at Cornell. Soon after their marriage, the couple moved to Fort Sill, Oklahoma, where Martin was stationed as an officer in the U.S. Army Reserve. While living in Oklahoma, Ginsburg worked for the Social Security Administration, where she was demoted for being pregnant. Ginsburg put her education on hold to start a family, giving birth to her first child, Jane, in 1955. Law School In 1956, after her husband’s completion of his military service, Ginsburg enrolled at Harvard Law School as one of only nine women in a class with over 500 men. In a 2015 interview with the New York Times, Ginsburg recalls being asked by the Dean of Harvard Law, â€Å"How do you justify taking a spot from a qualified man?† Though embarrassed by the question, Ginsburg offered the tongue-in-cheek response, â€Å"My husband is a second-year law student, and it’s important for a woman to understand her husband’s work.† In 1958, Ginsburg transferred to Columbia University Law School, where she earned her Bachelor of Laws degree in 1959, tying for first in her class. Over the course of her college years, she became the first woman to be published in both the prestigious Harvard Law Review and Columbia Law Review. Early Legal Career Not even her excellent academic record made Ginsburg immune to the overt gender-based discrimination of the 1960s. In her first attempt to find work out of college, Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter refused to hire her as his law clerk because of her gender. However, aided by a forceful recommendation from her professor at Columbia, Ginsburg was hired by U.S. District Judge Edmund L. Palmieri, working as his law clerk until 1961. Offered jobs at several law firms, but dismayed by finding them always to be at a much lower salary than those offered to her male counterparts, Ginsburg chose to join the Columbia Project on International Civil Procedure. The position required her to live in Sweden while doing research for her book on Swedish Civil Procedure practices. After returning to the States in 1963, she taught at Rutgers University Law School until accepting a full professorship at Columbia University Law School in 1972. In route to becoming the first tenured female professor at Columbia, Ginsburg headed the Women’s Rights Project of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). In this capacity, she argued six women’s rights cases before the U.S. Supreme Court from 1973 to 1976, winning five of them and setting legal precedents that would lead to significant changes in the law as it affects women. At the same time, however, Ginsburg’s record shows that she believed the law should be â€Å"gender-blind† and ensure equal rights and protections to persons of all genders and sexual orientations. For example, one of the five cases she won while representing the ACLU dealt with a provision of the Social Security Act that treated women more favorably than men by granting certain monetary benefits to widows but not to widowers. Judicial Career: Court of Appeals and Supreme Court On April 14, 1980, President Carter nominated Ginsburg to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. With her nomination confirmed by the Senate on June 18, 1980, she was sworn in later the same day. She served until August 9, 1993, when she was officially elevated to the U.S. Supreme Court. Ginsburg was nominated as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court by President Clinton on June 14, 1993, to fill the seat vacated by the retirement of Justice Byron White. As she entered her Senate confirmation hearings, Ginsburg carried with her the American Bar Association’s Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary’s â€Å"well qualified† rating- its highest possible rating for prospective justices.  Ã‚   In her Senate Judiciary Committee hearing, Ginsburg declined to answer questions about the constitutionality of some issues on which she might have to rule as a Supreme Court justice, such as the death penalty. However, she did confirm her belief that the Constitution implied an overall right to privacy, and clearly addressed her constitutional philosophy as it applied to gender equality. The full Senate confirmed her nomination by a vote of 96 to 3 on August 3, 1993, and she was sworn in on August 10, 1993. Official Supreme Court Portrait of Ruth Bader Ginsburg. Public Domain Supreme Court Record Over the course of her tenure on the Supreme Court, some of Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s written opinions and arguments during deliberations on landmark cases have reflected her lifelong advocacy for gender equality and equal rights. United States v. Virginia (1996): Ginsburg wrote the Court’s majority opinion holding that the previously male-only Virginia Military Institute could not deny admission to women based solely on their gender.Olmstead v. L.C. (1999): In this case involving the rights of female patients confined in state mental hospitals, Ginsburg wrote the Court’s majority opinion holding that under Title II of the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), persons with mental disabilities have the right to live in the community rather than in institutions if medically and financially approved to do so.Ledbetter v. Goodyear Tire Rubber Co. (2007): Though she voted in the minority in this case of gender-based wage discrimination, Ginsburg’s passionate dissenting opinion moved President Barack Obama to press Congress to pass the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009, overturning the Supreme Court’s 2007 ruling by making it clear that the time period allowed for the filing of proven claims of pay discrimination based on gender, race, national origin, age, religion, or disability may not be limited. As the first law signed by President Obama, a framed copy of the Lilly Ledbetter Act hangs in Justice Ginsburg’s office. Safford Unified School District v. Redding (2009): While she did not write the majority opinion, Ginsburg is credited with influencing the Court’s 8-1 ruling that a public school had violated the Fourth Amendment rights of a 13-year-old female student by ordering her to strip to her bra and underpants so that she could be searched for drugs by school authorities.Obergefell v. Hodges (2015): Ginsburg is considered to have been instrumental in influencing the Court’s 5-4 decision in Obergefell v. Hodges that ruled same-sex marriage legal in all 50 states. For years, she had shown her support for the practice by officiating same-sex marriages and by challenging arguments against it while the case was still in the appellate courts. Since being seated on the Court in 1993, Ginsburg has never missed a day of oral argument, even while undergoing treatment for cancer and following her husbands death. In January 2018, shortly after President Donald Trump released a list of his potential Supreme Court nominees, the then 84-year-old Ginsburg silently signaled her intent to remain on the Court by hiring a full set of law clerks through 2020. On July 29, 2018, Ginsburg stated in an interview with CNN that she planned to serve on the Court until age 90. â€Å"I’m now 85,† Ginsburg said. â€Å"My senior colleague, Justice John Paul Stevens, he stepped down when he was 90, so think I have about at least five more years.†Ã‚   Cancer Surgery (2018) On December 21, 2018, Justice Ginsburg underwent surgery for the removal of two cancerous nodules from her left lung. According to the Supreme Court press office, there â€Å"was no evidence of any remaining disease,† following the procedure performed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. â€Å"Scans performed before surgery indicated no evidence of disease elsewhere in the body. Currently, no further treatment is planned,† stated the court, adding, â€Å"Justice Ginsburg is resting comfortably and is expected to remain in the hospital for a few days.†Ã‚  The nodules were discovered during tests Ginsburg underwent in relationship to a fall that fractured three of her ribs on Nov. 7. On December 23, just two days after the surgery the Supreme Court reported that Justice Ginsburg was working from her hospital room. During the week of January 7, 2019, Ginsburg failed to attend oral arguments for the first time in her 25 years on the bench of the Supreme Court. However, the Court reported on January 11 that she would return to work and would need no further medical treatment. â€Å"Post-surgery evaluation indicates no evidence of remaining disease, and no further treatment is required,† said court spokeswoman Kathleen Arberg. â€Å"Justice Ginsburg will continue to work from home next week and will participate in the consideration and decision of the cases on the basis of the briefs and the transcripts of oral arguments. Her recovery from surgery is on track.† Personal and Family Life Less than a month after she graduated from Cornell in 1954, Ruth Bader married Martin D. Ginsburg, who would later enjoy a successful career as a tax attorney. The couple had two children: a daughter Jane, born in 1955, and a son James Steven, born in 1965. Today, Jane Ginsburg is a professor at Columbia Law School and James Steven Ginsburg is the founder and president of Cedille Records, a Chicago-based classical music recording company. Ruth Bader Ginsburg now has four grandchildren. Martin Ginsburg died of complications from metastatic cancer on June 27, 2010, just four days after the couple celebrated their 56th wedding anniversary. The couple often spoke fondly of their shared parenting and income-earning marriage. Ginsburg once described Martin as â€Å"the only young man I dated who cared that I had a brain.† Martin once explained the reason for their long and successful marriage: â€Å"My wife doesnt give me any advice about cooking and I dont give her any advice about the law.† The day after her husband’s death, Ruth Bader Ginsburg was at work hearing oral arguments on the final day of the Supreme Court’s 2010 term. Quotes Ruth Bader Ginsburg is known for her memorable statements both in and out of court. â€Å"I try to teach through my opinions, through my speeches, how wrong it is to judge people on the basis of what they look like, color of their skin, whether they’re men or women.† (MSNBC interview)My mother told me two things constantly. One was to be a lady, and the other was to be independent.† (ACLU)â€Å"Women will have achieved true equality when men share with them the responsibility of bringing up the next generation.† (The Record) Finally, when asked how she would like to be remembered, Ginsburg told MSNBC, â€Å"Someone who used whatever talent she had to do her work to the very best of her ability. And to help repair tears in her society, to make things a little better through the use of whatever ability she has. To do something, as my colleague (Justice) David Souter would say, outside myself.† Sources .†Ruth Bader Ginsburgâ€Å" Academy of AchievementGalanes, Philip (November 14, 2015). â€Å"†Ruth Bader Ginsburg and Gloria Steinem on the Unending Fight for Womens Rights. The New York Times.Irin Carmon, Irin and Knizhnik, Shana. â€Å"Notorious RBG: The Life and Times of Ruth Bader Ginsburg.† Dey Street Books (2015). ISBN-10: 0062415832Burton, Danielle (October 1, 2007). â€Å".†10 Things You Didnt Know About Ruth Bader Ginsburg US News World Report.Lewis, Neil A. (June 15, 1993). â€Å".†The Supreme Court: Woman in the News; Rejected as a Clerk, Chosen as a Justice: Ruth Joan Bader Ginsburg The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331

KIEU paragraph Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

KIEU paragraph - Essay Example There are a number of characteristics of Kim that have enabled Kieu to think about him in a special manner. The author has made Kim quiet loyal throughout the tale because it rather took a stance of devotion. The devotion of Kim is evident in the case that despite living away from Kieu for more than years, he continuously loved her the most. Throughout the story, Kim has been projected to be stuck to the vows both of them have taken (Lexuan). This is evident from the quote, â€Å"Our innermost sentiments fine as silk threads†¦ Will unite us forever - this we pledge (Adams Stanza 09). These words rather allow the readers to understand the intensity of love and bond of Kim and Kieu. Readers will also find Kim to be romantic. The romanticism being noted in this context is not just limited to the fact that he loved Kieu but also he loved his country the most (Lexuan). Being a learnt man, he knew that he will never lose the hope of finding Kieu. At the end of the tale, it becomes quiet evident that his hope towards finding Kieu was not wasted. Overall the story has provided a clear yet an in-depth hold of the essence of